Literary+Terms

 ** GENERAL LITERATURE TERMS **

**1.** ** GENRE ** - type of literature

 **2.** **FICTION** - writing that is not true

**3.** **NON-FICTION** - writing that is true

 **4.** **BIOGRAPHY** - a story written about someone

 **5**. **AUTOBIOGRAPHY** - a story written by a person about him/herself 

**6.** **DRAMA** - a script with acts/scenes

**7.** **FANTASY -** fiction with mythical or magical creatures/events/places, often with a quest or a fight between good and evil 

**8.** **SCIENCE FICTION** - fiction in which the author imagines "what if" could happen with a science-related or futuristic topic

**9.** **HISTORICAL FICTION** - fiction set in the past - usually with a significant amount of research

**10**. **HORROR -** fiction intended to terrify, dark mood 

1**1. MYSTERY -** fiction with a puzzle and clues that lead to the solution 

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**12.** **REALISTIC FICTION** - fiction that seems as though it could actually happen

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**13.** **ADVENTURE** - a story that involves dangerous or daring events

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**14**. **FOLKTALE** - a story that was originally told, rather than written, often has animals as characters

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**15**. **POETRY** - writing in which the meaning and the sound of the words are especially important

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**16.** **EDITORIAL** - writing in which the author expresses an opinion and tries to persuade with details.

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**17. MEMOIR- a short** <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;">autobiographical writing that tries to capture certain highlights or meaningful moments in one's past

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**18. SATIRE -** aliterary composition in whichhumanfollyand vicearehelduptoscorn,derision,orridicule. (//Saturday Night Live//)

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**19. PARABLE -** A story, usually short and simple, that illustrates a lesson or aphorism (saying/proverb) (//The Good Samaritan//)

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**20. ALLEGORY -** a story which has a second, deeper meaning. Characters, objects etc. symbolize something else. (//Maus, Animal Farm//)

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">** STORY–LINE TERMS **

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**21****.**** CHARACTER ** - the main character, or protagonist, usually shows some change or growth in a story

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**22**. **SETTING** – the time and place of the story

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**23.** **PLOT** – the story line, the beginning -middle - end

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**24.** **CONFLICT –** tension, struggle or fighting

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**25**. **FORESHADOWING** - hints or clues created to add suspense and give an inkling of what might happen later

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**26.****CLIMAX -** the high point or turning point of the plot

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**27.** **RESOLUTION** - the ending

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> **28**. **THEME** - the big idea, the moral, the lesson, the "truth" - ex “Friendship is important to a meaningful life.” <span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**29****.** **MOOD** - the feeling of a story (scary, humorous, anxious, peaceful...)

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**30**. **TONE** - the author's attitude about what he/she writes

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**31.** **STYLE** - the elements of writing that makes one writer distinct from another: use of word choice, sentence structure, figurative language.

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> **32**. **INFERENCE** - "reading in between the lines" - trying to judge what's NOT being said based on the points in the writing

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> **33.** **IRONY** - when what you least expect to happen, happens. (ex. man wins 1 million dollar lottery and dies of a heart-attack the next day OR "water, water everywhere, but ne'er a drop to drink."

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">** 34 **. ** POINT OF VIEW **

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> 1st person - the narrator "I" is telling the story.

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> 2nd person - there are instructions being given as "you" should do this or that.

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> 3rd person limited - story is revealed through the thoughts/actions of ONE main character (he, she)

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> 3rd person omniscient - story is revealed through the thoughts/actions of all the characters.(he, she)

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> **35. FLASHBACK** - when the events of the story go back in time

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> ** FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE TERMS ** //(literary terms/literary devices)//

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**36**.** I ** **MAGERY** – when the writer paints a picture with words - ex “the popcorn smelled buttery and salty”

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**37.** **SIMILE** – comparing 2 unlike things using like or as - ex “you are like a ray of sunshine”

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**38**. **METAPHOR** – comparing 2 unlike things - ex “your friendship is a well tied square knot”

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**39.** **PERSONIFICATION** – when the writer gives life to inanimate objects - ex “the wind whistled”, “the chair groaned”

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**40.** **HYPERBOLE** – over-exaggeration for effect - ex “I have so much HW I could just die”

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**41.** **ONOMATOPOEIA** – using words to represent sounds - ex “hiss, growl, moan, pop, bang”

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**42.** **ALLITERATION** – repetition of consonant sounds at the beg. of words - ex “the slithery snake snapped at the mosquito”

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">** 43. **** SYMBOLISM **- when something stands for something else -ex: the flag (freedom), a tree (life), a lighthouse (the way)

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">44. **IDIOM** - an expression whose meaning differs from the exact meaning of the words. ex - "It was raining cats and dogs."

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**45. CLICHE** - an overused or predictable expression, not original. ex "It's so hot, I could just melt."

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**46.** **UNDERSTATEMENT** - a statement weakened to convey a stronger meaning. ex "I like you quite a bit," the groom said to his bride on their wedding day.

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**47.** **OXYMORON** - combining of two opposite terms - ex "the living dead, jumbo shrimp, Dodge Ram, pretty ugly"

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**48.** **METONYMY**- substituting the name of a thing for that of another closely associated with it - ex. "the //White House// said today that..., //Detroit// is hard at work on a new SUV..., the baby loves his //bottle//..."

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">** 49. ** ** SYNECDOCHE -** is when one uses a part to represent the whole - ex. "lend me your //ears// (give me your attention), give me a //hand// (help me), let me borrow your //wheels// (car), I like your //threads// (clothes)"

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">** 50. ASSONANCE ** - deliberate repetition of vowel sounds at the beginning or in the middle of words (tilting at windmills)

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">** 51. ALLUSION -** a reference to, or representation of, a place, event, literary work, or work of art. ("I have a dream...")

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">** ELEMENTS OF POETRY TERMS **

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**52. VERSE** - A single metrical line of poetry.

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**53. STANZA -** an arrangement of a certain number of lines forming a division of a poem.

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> **54. RHYME -** Similarity of sound in the last syllable. (cat, hat, mat, that)

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**55. RHYTHM** - the pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in a line

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**56. [|S] [|CANSION] -** describing the rhythms of poetry by dividing the lines into feet, marking the locations of stressed and unstressed syllables, and counting the syllables. <span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**57. METRIC FEET -** the basic rhythmic structure of a verse or lines in verse
 * The || falling || out || of || faithful || friends, || renewing || is || of || love ||
 * The || falling || out || of || faithful || friends, || renewing || is || of || love ||

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**58. IAMBIC PENTAMETER -** One short syllable followed by one long one - five sets in a row. Example: la-LAH la-LAH la-LAH la-LAH la-LAH

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">** POETRY GENRES ** <span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**59. [|ODE] - ** An Ode is a poem praising and glorifying a person, place or thing.

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**60. [|BALLAD] [|-]** tells a long story similar to a folk tale or legend which often has a repeated refrain

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**61. [|SONNET] -** 14 lines which usually have one or more conventional rhyme schemes.

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**62. [|LIMERICK] -** A short humorous poem consisting of five anapestic lines.

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**63. [|HAIKU] -** Japanese poem composed of three unrhymed lines of five, seven, and five syllables, usually containing a season word.

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**64. [|DIAMANTE] -** <span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">A diamante is a seven line poem, shaped like a diamond.

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**65. [|C] [|OUPLET] ** - rhyming stanzas made up of two lines.

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**66. [|TRIPLET] ** **__/TERCET__** - made up of three lines. The rhyming pattern can be AAA or ABA

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**67. [|QUATRAIN] -** rhyming stanzas made up of four lines. Lines 2 and 4 must rhyme.

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> #1) abab

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> #2) abba -- envelope rhyme

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> #3) aabb

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> #4) aaba, bbcb, ccdc, dddd -- chain rhyme

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**68. [| FREE VERSE] -** Poetry written in either rhyme or unhymed lines that have no set fixed metrical pattern.

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**69. [|CONCRETE/SHAPE] -** written in the shape or form of an object.

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**70. [|ACROSTIC] -** certain letters, usually the first in each line, form a word or message when read in a sequence.

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**71. [|CINQUAIN] ** - poetry with five lines. Line 1 has one word (the title). Line 2 has two words that describe the title. Line 3 has three words that tell the action. Line 4 has four words that express the feeling, and line 5 has one word which recalls the title

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**72. [|ELEGY] **- A sad and thoughtful poem about the death of an individual.

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**73. [|PASTORAL] **- depicts rural life in a peaceful, romanticized way.

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**74.** [|**ALPHABET**] - Each line begins with the letters of the alphabet in order.

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**75. [|BIO POEMS]- **a poem about yourself or a character

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">** OTHER IMPORTANT VOCABULARY **

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**76. CONNOTATION -** the feelings associated with a word (snow day, vomit, birthday...)

<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">**77. DENOTATION -** the dictionary definition of a word